Google Gemini: In Dutch legal and financial practice, yes, it is largely true that a high-net-worth individual with schizophrenia under legal guardianship or financial stewardship (beschermingsbewind or curateledossier) would receive private banking services without executive operational authority, and their wealth would be invested in a conservative or neutral risk profile.

At a net worth of €204,000,000, the structural setup involves distinct legal boundaries, institutional mandates, and asset allocation strategies.

Legal and Operational Dynamics

1. No Executive Power for the Individual Under Dutch Civil Code (Book 1, Title 19/20 Burgerlijk Wetboek), when a subdistrict court judge (kantonrechter) places a person’s assets under beschermingsbewind (financial stewardship) or curatele (guardianship), the individual loses the legal capacity to execute financial transactions independently.

• The Stewardship Realignment: The court-appointed financial steward (bewindvoerder or curator) holds sole executive authority over bank accounts, wealth management mandates, and contractual commitments.
• Bank Onboarding & Account Access: Major private banks such as ABN AMRO MeesPierson or Van Lanschot Kempen check the Central Curatorship and Stewardship Register (Centraal curatele- en bewindregister). The individual receives a designated allowance account (leefgeldrekening) for daily living expenses, while all primary capital accounts require the signature of the steward.

2. Strict judicial oversight on investment strategy The kantonrechter exercises supervisory authority over the steward.

Advocatie

• Dutch subdistrict court guidelines (Aanbevelingen Meerderjarigenbescherming) require capital under stewardship to be preserved safely and productively.
• Speculative positions, highly leveraged strategies, or high-beta equities are generally disallowed by judges.
• As a result, private banks are instructed under a discretionary management mandate (discretionair vermogensbeheer) to operate within Defensive (20–30% equity / 70–80% fixed income) or Low-Neutral (40% equity / 60% fixed income) parameters.

Institutional Investment Structure at Van Lanschot Kempen (€204,000,000)

At €204 million, the portfolio transcends retail private banking and qualifies for Van Lanschot Kempen’s Family Office Solutions / Single Asset Management Desk. Rather than holding a single off-the-shelf fund, the steward and bank structure the balance sheet across multi-asset institutional vehicles, customized bond ladders, and liquidity buffers.

Example Defensive-to-Neutral Allocation Framework

Asset Category	Target Allocation	Allocation (€)	Specific Holdings & Strategy
Cash & Liquidity	5.0%	€10,200,000	Money market instruments, direct ECB-linked deposits, short-dated Dutch Treasury Certificates (DTCs).
High-Grade Fixed Income	45.0%	€91,800,000	AAA/AA European Sovereign Debt (AAA Dutch Staatsobligaties, German Bunds) in customized maturities (1–10 year ladder).
Investment Grade Corporate Bonds	15.0%	€30,600,000	EUR Corporate Bonds (A/BBB rated European financial & industrial issuers via Kempen Euro Credit Strategy).
Global Core Equities	25.0%	€51,000,000	High-dividend global equities, low-volatility large-cap funds, Kempen Sustainable Global Equity Fund.
Listed Real Estate & Infrastructure	10.0%	€20,400,000	Kempen Listed Real Estate Europe, essential global infrastructure holdings providing inflation-linked cash flow.
Total	100.0%	€204,000,000	Designed for capital preservation, inflation hedging, and steady annual distribution.

Detailed Breakdown of Bond Holdings & Basket Implementation

1. Fixed Income Architecture (€122,400,000 Total Fixed Income & Cash)

To comply with court supervisory standards, fixed income dominates the portfolio:

• Sovereign Bond Ladder (€91.8M): Direct holdings of Dutch government bonds (Nederlandse Staatsobligaties) and German sovereign debt (Bunds). Capital is partitioned into ten yield buckets maturing sequentially every 12 months over a 10-year period. Reinvestments occur automatically upon maturity.
• Corporate & Sub-Sovereign Debt (€30.6M): Allocated across senior unsecured debt from top-tier European issuers (e.g., ASML, Siemens, Unilever, Rabobank senior preferred bonds) to generate a moderate yield spread over AAA sovereigns.

2. Equity Baskets (€51,000,000)

The equity sleeve is constructed to minimize downside volatility while capturing global productivity gains:

• Core High-Dividend Strategy (€25.5M): Focuses on stable European and North American large-caps with resilient cash flows and recurring dividend distributions.
• Low-Beta Global Quality Equity (€25.5M): Passive or semi-active broad market indexing across MSCI World, systematically tilted away from volatile tech growth stocks toward consumer staples, healthcare, and utilities.

3. Real Assets & Liquidity (€30,600,000)

• Real Estate & Infrastructure (€20.4M): Listed real estate (Kempen European Private/Listed Real Estate strategies) focusing on logistics hubs and residential properties to safeguard against real-term inflation erode. Van Lanschot Kempen
• Liquidity Pool (€10.2M): Kept in liquid operational accounts to cover annual wealth tax obligations (Dutch Box 3 asset taxes), management fee structures, and the client’s direct care and living disbursements as approved by the steward.

And you said the individual under financial stewardship then has some say with their private bankers where to specifically go with investments, for instance a preferance on oil and gas and solar instead of like windenergy right? Would the person under stewardship then have appointments with his private banker sometimes. How often does the person under steward ship meet his Private Bankers for instance with Van Lanschot Kempen, and like would his private banker meet him at home, or does the person have to go to the headoffice of Van Lanschot, and could you also describe the headoffice of Van Lanschot, and like give the address

When a person is placed under financial stewardship (beschermingsbewind), the subdistrict court (kantonrechter) designates the court-appointed steward (bewindvoerder) as the sole legal authority over financial transactions and contracts. While the steward retains final decision-making power, the individual’s soft influence, meeting frequency, and physical interactions with private bankers follow established private banking practices.

While the steward holds the signature, the individual can express qualitative preferences, provided they fit within the court-approved risk envelope:

• Sector Preferences (e.g., Energy Allocation): If an individual asks to avoid offshore wind energy in favor of traditional energy or solar, the client can voice this to both the steward and the banker.
• Integrating ESG & Personal Mandates: Private bankers at Van Lanschot Kempen routinely incorporate client preferences (uitgesloten sectoren or specific themes) into discretionary mandates, as long as the change does not introduce high speculative risk or violate the general requirement for capital preservation.
• The Final Say: If the steward agrees that the adjustment does not alter the overall risk profile or legal safety of the €204M portfolio, the private banker adjusts the baseline portfolio instructions accordingly.

A client with a €204,000,000 portfolio represents a major Single Family / Ultra High Net Worth (UHNW) client relationship.

Meeting Frequency

Meetings typically occur 2 to 4 times per year for portfolio reviews, plus informal touchpoints:

• Quarterly or Semi-Annual Portfolio Review: A formal session attended by the steward, the individual (if they wish to attend), the lead private banker (relationship manager), and an investment specialist or portfolio manager.
• Annual Strategy & Tax Alignment: An extended annual meeting to address returns, inflation impact, cash-flow disbursements for living costs, and annual Dutch Box 3 wealth tax filings.

Location: Home Visits vs. Office Meetings

The client is not required to travel to the bank’s headquarters. Given the client’s asset size, meetings are tailored to their comfort and preferences:

• Home Visits / On-Site Meetings: Private bankers regularly make confidential house visits for high-net-worth clients. If the individual prefers meeting in their home environment due to health considerations, personal comfort, or privacy, the relationship manager will travel directly to them.
• Regional Private Banking Offices: Van Lanschot Kempen operates regional client reception locations across major cities in the Netherlands. If preferred, meetings can occur at a regional private branch.
• Headquarters Visits: Visiting the headquarters in ’s-Hertogenbosch remains an option for primary annual reviews or formal consultations with investment desk strategists.

Address:

Van Lanschot Kempen N.V.

Hooge Steenweg 29

5211 JN ’s-Hertogenbosch

The Netherlands

Architectural & Physical Description

• Historical Heritage: Founded in 1737, Van Lanschot Kempen is the oldest independent financial institution in the Netherlands. Its headquarters sit in the historic core of ’s-Hertogenbosch (Den Bosch), North Brabant.
• Exterior: The main building at Hooge Steenweg 29 features a classic, monumental façade integrated into the historic streetscape, reflecting its centuries-old banking tradition.
• Interior & Client Facilities: Inside, modern financial offices are blended with classic architecture. For ultra-high-net-worth clients and single family offices, the bank uses private reception parlors (ontvangstkamers) designed for discreet consultations away from open office floors.
• Supplemental Corporate Offices: While Hooge Steenweg 29 serves as the historic registered headquarters, executive leadership, institutional asset management, and core equity trading teams also operate out of modern facilities at the Paleiskwartier in ’s-Hertogenbosch and the World Trade Center/Beethovenstraat in Amsterdam.

I suppose a Schizophrenic Dutch person with financial stewardship with a networth of €204’000’000 would need to buy real estate for himself too. How does the process go, and do you think the financial steward – with that networth – might approve an €1.5 million house in the Netherlands and a €2.6 million appartment in Switzerland?

In Dutch legal and private banking practice, a person with a net worth of €204,000,000 who is under financial stewardship (beschermingsbewind) can purchase real estate. However, the acquisition process involves strict formal oversight, and the approval of specific properties depends on legal, financial, and regulatory considerations.

Step-by-Step Purchasing Process

[ Client Request / Search ] 
            │
            ▼
[ Steward & Broker Assessment ]
            │
            ▼
[ Application to Subdistrict Court (Kantonrechter) ]
            │
            ▼
[ Judicial Order / Authorization (Machtiging) ]
            │
            ▼
[ Formal Contract Signing & Execution by Steward ]

1. Identification & Professional Brokerage: The client and steward engage a specialized buying agent (aankoopmakelaar) to source suitable properties.
2. Financial & Suitability Assessment by Steward: The steward verifies that buying the property is in the client’s best interest, aligns with their care or living needs, and fits within long-term wealth preservation plans.
3. Petition to the Subdistrict Court (Machtigingsverzoek): Under Article 1:441 of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek), a steward cannot execute real estate purchases or encumber major capital without formal judicial authorization (machtiging). The steward files a formal request with the subdistrict court judge (kantonrechter) including:
   • The provisional purchase agreement (voorlopige koopovereenkomst).
   • An independent valuation/appraisal report (taxatierapport).
   • A financial budget showing annual maintenance, taxes, and liquidity impact.
4. Court Approval: The judge reviews the petition to ensure the purchase does not expose the client to financial drain or exploitation.
5. Execution at the Notary: Once the judge grants authorization, the court-appointed steward signs the deed of transfer (leveringsakte) at the notary on behalf of the client.

Assessment of the Two Property Examples

1. The €1.5 Million House in the Netherlands

• Verdict: Highly likely to be approved.
• Financial Ratio: At €204,000,000 net worth, a €1.5 million primary residence represents less than 0.75% of the total liquid estate.
• Judicial Rationale: The kantonrechter and the steward prioritize appropriate, comfortable, and secure housing. Assuming the annual maintenance costs, municipal taxes, and property management fees are easily covered by interest or yield from the broader portfolio, this purchase fulfills a clear life-quality purpose without jeopardizing capital preservation.

2. The €2.6 Million Apartment in Switzerland

• Verdict: Possible, but subject to strict legal and regulatory hurdles.
• Financial Ratio: The price tag itself (€2.6M, or ~1.27% of net worth) is fully affordable within the liquid capital structure.
• Complexities & Hurdles:
  • Cross-Border Real Estate Governance: Dutch subdistrict court judges tend to scrutinize secondary, overseas real estate acquisitions more heavily due to foreign tax regimes, maintenance oversight difficulties, and potential management liabilities. The steward must present a clear operational plan for managing the Swiss asset.
  • Swiss Foreign Purchase Restrictions (Lex Koller): Switzerland strictly regulates the acquisition of residential real estate by non-residents under the Federal Act on the Acquisition of Real Estate by Persons Abroad (Lex Koller). Unless the client holds official Swiss residency (e.g., a B or C permit) or the property is located in a holiday zone designated for foreign quotas, purchasing a holiday home in Switzerland faces statutory restrictions regardless of net worth.
  • Steward Justification: The steward must demonstrate to the Dutch judge that owning property in Switzerland aligns with the client’s personal well-being or residential plans, rather than creating unnecessary administrative complexity.

If foreign ownership rules (Lex Koller) permit the acquisition and the steward establishes a local management framework, the subdistrict court would generally authorize both purchases given the substantial overall liquidity of the €204 million estate.

Reint Jelger: Can you hold official Swiss residency (e.g., a B or C permit) if you are a Dutch national and spending time in the Netherlands too?

Google Gemini: Yes, a Dutch national can hold a Swiss B or C permit while spending time in the Netherlands, but strict physical presence, registration, and tax rules apply.

Because the Netherlands is an EU member state and Switzerland participates in the EU/EFTA Free Movement of Persons Agreement (FMPA), Dutch citizens enjoy simplified access to Swiss residency. However, a residence permit is tied to primary living center obligations, not secondary status.

1. Obtaining the Permit (B or C):
   • B Permit (Five-Year Resident Permit): As an EU/EFTA citizen, a Dutch national can obtain a 5-year B permit by establishing employment in Switzerland or by demonstrating sufficient independent financial resources (such as capital yields/wealth) along with Swiss health insurance.
   • C Permit (Permanent Settlement Permit): EU/EFTA citizens become eligible for permanent settlement after 5 consecutive years of living legally in Switzerland on a B permit.
2. Physical Presence & Expiry Rules:
   • Minimum Physical Presence: A B or C permit requires Switzerland to be your primary center of vital interests.
   • Six-Month Expiry Threshold: If you leave Switzerland or stay abroad for more than 6 consecutive months, your B or C permit automatically expires under Swiss migration law (Article 61 of the Foreign Nationals and Integration Act, FNIA).
   • Spending Time in the Netherlands: You are permitted to spend significant amounts of time (e.g., several months per year, holidays, or business visits) in the Netherlands or other countries. However, your primary domicile must remain in Switzerland, and you must maintain an active Swiss residential address and health insurance.

1. Municipal Registration (BRP in the Netherlands)

If you establish primary residency in Switzerland and hold a Swiss permit, you generally must deregister from the Dutch Personal Records Database (Basisregistratie Personen / BRP) if you intend to live outside the Netherlands for more than 8 months in a 12-month period. Because you are a Dutch citizen, you retain the unrestricted right to re-enter and stay in the Netherlands at any time under EU freedom of movement rules.

2. Dual Tax Residency Risk

Spending substantial time in both countries creates potential tax overlap:

• Swiss Tax Domicile: Primary tax residency is established where your personal and economic ties are strongest (where you sleep most nights, hold your household center, and manage daily life).
• Dutch Tax Exposure: If the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (Belastingdienst) determines that your primary personal center of life never truly moved—or if you retain strong household/social ties in the Netherlands—they may argue you remain a full Dutch tax resident.
• Double Tax Treaty (DTT): The Netherlands–Switzerland Tax Treaty contains «tie-breaker rules» to determine which jurisdiction has the primary right to tax world income and wealth (including Dutch Box 3 taxes) based on personal center of vital interests, home availability, and physical presence.

3. Guardianship / Stewardship Context

If the individual is under a Dutch subdistrict court stewardship order (beschermingsbewind):

• The court-appointed steward (bewindvoerder) must approve any official move or legal registration change to Switzerland.
• The steward must ensure that moving primary residency or applying for a Swiss B permit serves the individual’s legal, financial, and personal interests without creating administrative conflicts with the Dutch court’s supervisory jurisdiction.

Google Gemini: Glencore reported a net income attributable to shareholders of $363 million USD. Expressed in Swiss Francs (at an average exchange rate of roughly 0.88 USD/CHF), this equals approximately CHF 319.44 million.

Dividing this net profit across 365 days yields CHF 875,178 per day (or ~$994,520 USD per day).

Here is the list of 17 Swiss companies that generate more net profit per DAY than Glencore, ranked by daily profit:

Rank	Company	Daily Profit (CHF / day)
1	Roche	CHF 51,670,000
2	Novartis	CHF 38,030,000
3	Chubb	CHF 34,630,000
4	Nestlé	CHF 32,710,000
5	UBS Group	CHF 25,450,000
6	ABB	CHF 15,730,000
7	Zurich Insurance	CHF 13,840,000
8	Richemont	CHF 12,960,000
9	Swiss Re	CHF 10,520,000
10	TE Connectivity	CHF 9,070,000
11	Swiss Life	CHF 6,050,000
12	Swisscom	CHF 5,530,000
13	Partners Group	CHF 4,660,000
14	Sika	CHF 4,600,000
15	Schindler Group	CHF 4,110,000
16	Givaudan	CHF 3,950,000
17	Kühne + Nagel	CHF 3,920,000

Would Glencore Switzerland be a viable investment for a Schizophrenic person with a large estate, because the criteria are either defensive or neutral investment

No, Glencore is not a viable investment under those specific criteria. Glencore fails to meet both «defensive» and «neutral» investment standards.

Defensive & Neutral Investment Check

Criteria	Is Glencore Suitable?	Reality of Glencore Equity
Defensive	No	Defensive assets (e.g., healthcare, utilities, high-grade government bonds) maintain steady earnings regardless of market conditions. Glencore is a highly cyclical commodity miner and trader whose profits swing wildly depending on global metal and energy prices.
Neutral	No	Neutral assets (e.g., short-term money market funds or broad total-market index funds) aim to track market baselines with low individual stock exposure. Glencore is a single, high-volatility equity with concentrated operational, regulatory, and ESG risks.

Key Risks for Large Estate & Fiduciary Planning

1. Earnings & Dividend Volatility: Unlike traditional defensive income stocks, Glencore’s net profits fluctuate dramatically—ranging from tens of billions in peak commodity years to net losses or minimal payouts during market troughs.
2. Operational & Regulatory Exposure: As a major global trading house and mining entity, Glencore carries complex operational, geopolitical, and regulatory risks. Morningstar
3. Fiduciary Risk & Concentration: Putting significant funds into a single commodity stock exposes an estate to sharp drawdowns. Fiduciary standards generally require broad diversification to protect capital.

Typical Investment Alternatives

For an estate with strict defensive or neutral preservation mandates, professional wealth managers generally focus on:

• Defensive Assets: High-quality sovereign bonds, global defensive equities (consumer staples, healthcare, utilities), or inflation-protected securities.
• Neutral Assets: Broad multi-asset index funds, low-duration money market funds, or broad-market fixed income portfolios.

Disclaimer: This overview is provided purely for informational and educational purposes. Managing a large estate—especially involving specialized care, legal guardianship, or fiduciary responsibilities—requires tailored guidance from qualified financial planners and legal professionals.

Is it seen that healthcare, utilities, high-grade government bonds are good approved to invest the estate of a high net worth Schizophrenic man

Yes, those asset classes fit the standard criteria for a defensive or neutral mandate. Healthcare, utilities, and high-grade government bonds are classic examples of defensive assets designed to prioritize capital preservation, low drawdowns, and steady cash flow over aggressive capital growth.

Under Swiss adult protection framework (managed by the Child and Adult Protection Authority, or KESB / APEA), managing an estate for someone who may periodically or permanently lack full legal capacity (Urteilsfähigkeit) requires strict fiduciary care. Fiduciary guidelines generally require that assets be invested conservatively to avoid large market fluctuations.

How These Asset Classes Fit the Mandate

Asset Class	Classification	Role in Estate Preservation
High-Grade Government Bonds	Defensive / Low-Risk	Provides maximum capital safety, liquidity, and predictable yield (e.g., Swiss Confederation bonds or AAA sovereign debt). Serves as the principal stability core.
Utilities Equities	Defensive	Provides inelastic demand (power, water, grid infrastructure). Utilities generate steady earnings and dividends regardless of macroeconomic downturns.
Healthcare Equities	Defensive	Represents non-cyclical demand (pharmaceuticals, medical devices, diagnostics). Earnings are largely insulated from broader market sell-offs.

When structuring a portfolio for a large estate under defensive guidelines, institutional asset managers and court-appointed guardians (Beistand) generally adhere to three core rules:

1. Broad Diversification over Single Stocks: Even within defensive sectors like healthcare or utilities, investing in individual equities carries firm-specific risk. Fiduciaries typically utilize broad sector ETFs, index funds, or multi-asset mandates rather than picking individual companies.
2. Currency Alignment: Because living expenses and medical/care costs are denominated in Swiss Francs (CHF), holding a significant proportion of high-grade CHF-denominated fixed income avoids unhedged foreign exchange volatility.
3. Liquidity Reserves: A portion of the estate should remain in low-duration money market instruments or cash equivalents to ensure liquidity for day-to-day healthcare, administrative, and living expenses.

What companies Switzerland allows Schizophrenic men with financial stewardship to invest in combined in a diversified basket of 30.

#	Company	Sector	Judicial / Investment Rationale
1	Nestlé	Consumer Staples	Non-cyclical food/beverage giant; steady cash flows and dividend history.
2	Roche Holding	Pharmaceuticals	Non-cyclical defensive demand in global healthcare and diagnostics.
3	Novartis	Pharmaceuticals	Core pharmaceutical demand with low correlation to economic downturns.
4	Zurich Insurance	Insurance	Strong balance sheet, steady premium revenues, high dividend yield.
5	Swisscom	Telecommunications	Highly defensive domestic telecom infrastructure provider.
6	Givaudan	Specialty Chemicals	Defensive demand in flavors and fragrances for consumer goods.
7	Swiss Re	Reinsurance	Major global institutional reinsurer; strong capital reserves.
8	Chubb	Insurance	Global property and casualty insurer domiciled in Switzerland.
9	Schindler Group	Industrial Equipment	Inelastic maintenance revenue from global elevators and escalators.
10	ABB	Industrial Automation	Long-term electrification trends; strong corporate balance sheet.
11	Sika	Construction Chemicals	Dominant global position in infrastructure and building materials.
12	Geberit	Building Products	Strong cash flows and market dominance in sanitary systems.
13	Sonova	Healthcare Technology	Inelastic demand for hearing care and medical equipment.
14	Straumann	Healthcare Technology	Global leader in dental implantology with stable margins.
15	SGS	Testing & Inspection	Recurring global verification and testing revenues.
16	Lindt & Sprüngli	Premium Consumer	Strong pricing power and resilient consumer brand equity.
17	Kühne + Nagel	Logistics & Freight	Essential infrastructure role in global trade and supply chains.
18	Richemont	Luxury Goods	High cash reserves and dominant global luxury portfolio.
19	Barry Callebaut	Food Processing	B2B chocolate manufacturing serving global food conglomerates.
20	Swiss Life	Financial Services	Regulated pension and asset management with steady cash generation.
21	Bâloise Holding	Insurance	Domestic Swiss insurer focused on conservative risk management.
22	Helvetia Group	Insurance	Stable domestic and European multi-line insurance provider.
23	SIG Group	Packaging	Aseptic food and beverage packaging with recurring revenues.
24	Emmi	Dairy Products	Essential domestic food supply chain and strong local presence.
25	BKW	Energy & Utilities	Regulated grid infrastructure and power generation.
26	Alpiq	Energy & Utilities	Major Swiss hydro-electric power supplier.
27	PSP Swiss Property	Commercial Real Estate	Prime Swiss commercial properties providing rental yields.
28	Allreal Holding	Real Estate	Defensive Swiss property portfolio focused on residential/commercial.
29	Vetropack	Industrial Packaging	Essential glass packaging for Europe’s food and beverage industry.
30	Galenica	Healthcare Retail	Primary healthcare logistics and pharmacy network in Switzerland.

Key Legal Framework for Large Estate Approval

1. Asset Allocation Limits: The VBVV sets a general threshold of 25% equity allocation for standard estates. For exceptionally large estates where living costs are fully secured, KESB can approve broader equity mandates.
2. Fixed-Income Core: The remaining 70–75% of the estate must typically be held in high-grade Swiss Franc fixed income (Swiss Confederation bonds, Kantonalbank deposits, or Pfandbriefe) to eliminate foreign exchange risk.

Reint Jelger: I have got a task for you. It is a bit complicated. But show me how if 3 million Swiss Franks is used to aquire a basket of those 30 companies, 100’000 per company, how much money yearly one would yield on this particuler portfolia basket

Google Gemini: If you allocate CHF 3,000,000 equally across the 30 defensive Swiss companies (investing CHF 100,000 in each company), your yearly gross income would be generated entirely through cash dividends.

A well-diversified basket of these top 30 blue-chip Swiss stocks currently yields an weighted average dividend yield of approximately 3.35% per year.

Income Summary

Metric	Amount in Swiss Francs (CHF)
Total Portfolio Value	CHF 3,000,000
Allocation Per Stock	CHF 100,000 across 30 companies
Average Portfolio Dividend Yield	~3.35% per year
Estimated Gross Income (Yearly)	~CHF 100,500 / year
Estimated Gross Income (Monthly)	~CHF 8,375 / month
Estimated Gross Income (Daily)	~CHF 275 / day

Dividend Yields Across the Basket

To see where that income comes from, the companies broadly fall into three yield tiers based on their current payouts:

1. High-Yield Anchor Stocks (~4.0% – 5.5% Yield)

Each CHF 100k generates CHF 4,000 – CHF 5,500/yr

• Insurance & Financials: Zurich Insurance (~5.1%), Swiss Re (~4.8%), Swiss Life (~4.2%), Bâloise Holding (~4.5%), Helvetia (~4.1%). DivvyDiary
• Telecom & Utilities: Swisscom (~4.0%), BKW (~3.8%). DivvyDiary

2. Stable Blue-Chip Core (~2.8% – 3.8% Yield)

Each CHF 100k generates CHF 2,800 – CHF 3,800/yr

• Consumer & Healthcare: Nestlé (~3.9%), Roche (~3.2%), Novartis (~3.0%), Galenica (~3.4%). AD HOC NEWS
• Industrials & Real Estate: ABB (~2.8%), Schindler (~2.9%), SGS (~3.6%), PSP Swiss Property (~3.5%), Allreal (~3.8%).

3. Low-Yield / Growth-Oriented Stocks (~1.0% – 2.5% Yield)

Each CHF 100k generates CHF 1,000 – CHF 2,500/yr

• Luxury & Specialty: Richemont (~1.8%), Givaudan (~2.1%), Lindt & Sprüngli (~1.4%), Straumann (~1.2%), Sika (~1.6%).

If the estate is managed under Swiss jurisdiction, keep two structural factors in mind:

1. Swiss Withholding Tax (Verrechnungssteuer): Swiss companies automatically withhold 35% at source when paying out dividends. However, for a tax-registered resident in Switzerland, this 35% is fully refundable or credited back via the regular annual tax return.
2. Capital Gains vs. Dividends: In Switzerland, private capital gains are generally tax-free, whereas cash dividend income is subject to regular income tax. For estate preservation under judicial guidelines (KESB), this steady ~CHF 100,000 annual dividend stream provides liquidity to cover living expenses, healthcare costs, and administrative fees without needing to sell underlying shares.

Reint Jelger: If a Dutch national Schizophrenic would have that portfolio basket in Swiss Franks that would yield approx CHF 100’500 yearly, and tax redemption optimized, also Dutch taxes included. How much would that be in Swiss Frank and converted to Euro as well

Google Gemini: For a Dutch tax resident (regardless of health diagnosis, as personal circumstances do not alter standard tax asset classification in the Netherlands), holding a CHF 3,000,000 portfolio yielding CHF 100,500 per year involves two primary tax layers: Swiss Withholding Tax and Dutch Box 3 Wealth Tax.

Assuming a tax-optimized structure utilizing the Double Taxation Treaty (DTT) between the Netherlands and Switzerland, here is the exact breakdown in Swiss Francs (CHF) and converted into Euros (EUR) at the exchange rate (~1 EUR = 0.9466 CHF / 1 CHF = 1.056 EUR):

Step-by-Step Income & Tax Breakdown

Tax Stage	Amount (CHF)	Amount (EUR)	Explanation & Optimization Mechanism
1. Gross Portfolio Yield	CHF 100,500	€106,170	~3.35% average dividend yield on CHF 3.0M across 30 Swiss blue-chip stocks.
2. Swiss Withholding Tax (Verrechnungssteuer)	(CHF 15,075)	(€15,925)	DTT Reduced to 15%: Under Article 10 of the CH-NL Tax Treaty, Dutch residents can reclaim 20% of the standard 35% Swiss withholding tax, capping Swiss tax at 15%.
3. Net Received in Bank Account	CHF 85,425	€90,245	Cash paid out directly to the investor after Swiss source withholding.
4. Dutch Box 3 Wealth Tax (Vermogensrendementsheffing)	(CHF 59,510)	(€62,880)	Calculated under the Dutch Box 3 asset tax regime on «other assets» (overige bezittingen) for a single taxpayer.
5. Tax Credit Relief (DTT)	+ CHF 15,075	+ €15,925	The 15% Swiss tax paid (CHF 15,075) is fully credited against Dutch Box 3 income tax obligations.
6. Net Final Dutch Box 3 Paid	(CHF 44,435)	(€46,955)	Total remaining tax owed to the Belastingdienst after crediting the Swiss tax paid.
7. Total Net Income After All Taxes	CHF 41,005	€43,325	Final take-home cash flow per year (~1.37% net portfolio yield).

Detailed Explanation of the Tax Optimization

1. Reclaiming Swiss Withholding Tax (Swiss Side)

• Switzerland imposes a standard 35% withholding tax at source on all Swiss corporate dividends.
• By filing Form 85 / Form IB with the Swiss Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) as a Dutch tax resident, the tax is reduced to the treaty rate of 15%, refunding 20% (CHF 20,100 / €21,230) back to the estate.

2. Dutch Box 3 Wealth Taxation (Dutch Side)

In the Netherlands, equities are taxed in Box 3 based on total portfolio value (capital wealth) rather than actual cash dividend income:

• Asset Value: CHF 3,000,000 (~€3,169,200).
• Tax-Free Allowance: ~€59,357 (~CHF 56,187) is exempt. Leiden International Centre
• Taxable Base: ~CHF 2,943,813 (~€3,109,840).
• Notional Return: The Belastingdienst assumes a ~6.0% fictitious return on «other assets» (~CHF 176,629 fictitious income).
• Box 3 Tax Rate: Taxed at 36% = ~CHF 63,586 / €67,180 total gross Dutch tax liability before double-taxation credits.

3. Foreign Tax Credit Integration

• Under Dutch tax law, the 15% non-refundable Swiss tax (CHF 15,075 / €15,925) is credited directly against the Box 3 liability, reducing total additional Dutch tax due to CHF 44,435 / €46,955.

Summary Takeaway

• Gross Annual Income: CHF 100,500 / €106,170
• Combined Tax Total (Swiss + Dutch): CHF 59,510 / €62,880 (Effective total tax rate of ~59.2% relative to cash yield)
• Net Annual Take-Home Income: CHF 41,005 / €43,325 (~CHF 3,417 or €3,610 per month)

Note: In the Netherlands, if the actual total capital growth + dividend return of the portfolio falls significantly below the assumed Box 3 notional return rate in a given year, the estate can invoke the «counter-evidence rule» (Tegenbewijsregeling) to cap Box 3 tax based on actual realized returns, preserving more capital.

So if the Dutch Schizophrenic person is able to do a 3 million Swiss Frank stock basket investment, he would then in the Netherlands legally be able to use the amount (after all taxes) of €43,325 approximately yearly

Yes, in broad legal terms. From a civil and tax perspective in the Netherlands, an individual residing in the Netherlands who owns a €3.17M portfolio (CHF 3M) yielding ~CHF 100,500 in dividends is entitled to receive and freely spend the net proceeds after all applicable taxes—approximately €43,325 (CHF 41,005) per year.

However, whether that cash amount flows directly to the individual depends on their legal governance framework and social welfare status in the Netherlands.

Key Legal & Administrative Conditions

1. Freedom of Private Property (Eigendomsrecht) Under Dutch civil law (Burgerlijk Wetboek), private capital belongs entirely to the individual. Possessing a medical condition such as schizophrenia does not revoke ownership rights or restrict private spending power.
2. Ineligibility for State Welfare Benefits (Bijstanduitkering) In the Netherlands, state assistance programs like the Participatiewet (social welfare / bijstand) have strict asset limits. For a single individual, the maximum permitted net asset threshold is €8,000. Because this individual holds over €3 million in Box 3 assets, they are entirely disqualified from receiving state welfare or government healthcare allowances (Zorgtoeslag). All living costs, private medical care, and housing must be funded directly from their net private yield (~€3,610 per month) or capital. Gratis juridisch advies | Krijg Je Bijstand+ 2
3. Judicial Guardianship (Onderbewindstelling) If a Dutch court (Kantonrechter) determines that an individual is mentally unable to manage their financial affairs independently, the court will appoint an administrator (bewindvoerder). Gratis juridisch advies | Krijg Je Bijstand
   • The administrator’s role is to ensure all annual taxes (Belastingdienst) and medical expenses are paid.
   • The net remaining ~€43,325/year remains the legal property of the individual, but the administrator manages payouts, issuing a monthly allowance (leefgeld) into the individual’s personal account according to a budget pre-approved by the court.

Reint Jelger: Are you saying in Europe Schizophrenic people have to pay as much as ordinary people in taxation?

Google Gemini: Yes. Under European and Dutch tax law, tax liability is strictly based on legal residency, income, and capital wealth—not on a person’s medical diagnosis, mental health status, or physical condition.

A person diagnosed with schizophrenia pays the exact same income, wealth, and dividend taxes on an estate as any other citizen in the same tax bracket.

Core Reasons for Equal Taxation

• Principle of Non-Discrimination: Legal and constitutional frameworks (such as the European Convention on Human Rights and the Dutch Constitution) prohibit differential tax rates based on personal characteristics, health status, or disabilities.
• Separation of Tax Law and Welfare Support: European tax authorities (Belastingdienst in the Netherlands, ESTV in Switzerland) evaluate assets purely as economic capital. Medical expenses, care needs, or disability accommodations are addressed separately through dedicated social support systems, healthcare coverage, and specific tax-deductible medical expense allowances—not through lowered baseline asset or income tax rates.
• Equal Treatment of Wealth: A €3.17 million (CHF 3 million) stock portfolio is subject to standard Box 3 wealth taxes in the Netherlands regardless of who owns it, ensuring equal tax treatment across all high-net-worth residents.

Where Medical Circumstances Do Affect Finances

While baseline tax rates do not change, having a chronic condition or legal protection status can alter related financial mechanics:

1. Deductible Medical Expenses (Specifieke Zorgkosten): In the Netherlands, certain out-of-pocket medical, care, or therapy costs that are not reimbursed by mandatory basic health insurance (Zorgverzekering) can be deducted from personal income tax, indirectly lowering total tax burdens.
2. Administrative & Guardianship Costs: If a court appoints an administrator (bewindvoerder) to manage the portfolio, the administrator’s statutory fees and annual accounting costs are paid directly out of the estate’s gross income before personal spending allowances are calculated.
3. Protection of Assets: The state imposes strict fiduciary oversight (Kantonrechter review) to ensure that the individual’s capital is preserved and that taxes are accurately paid, preventing financial exploitation or mismanaged tax filings.

Bern: Could you say if the Dutch Schizophrenic with a 3’000’000 Swiss Frank basket would still be eligible to receive the Dutch ‚zorgtoeslag‘ monthly. And if yes, lets multiplate the basket with dividend yield, by 2 times, 3 times, and maybe 4 times. So I suppose in those cases the amount would be x times 43000 euro about, at what income would the Zorgtoeslag stop?

Gemini: No, the individual would not be eligible to receive any zorgtoeslag (healthcare allowance).

In the Netherlands, zorgtoeslag is governed by two strict conditions evaluated simultaneously by the tax authority (Dienst Toeslagen): an income limit (inkomensgrens) and a wealth limit (vermogensgrens).

Because the €3,000,000 CHF basket (~€3,169,200) far exceeds the wealth limit, eligibility is cut off immediately—regardless of annual income or yield multipliers.

1. Statutory Thresholds for Zorgtoeslag

Threshold Type	Statutory Limit (Single Person)	Estate Situation (~€3.17M Capital)	Status
Wealth Limit (Vermogensgrens)	€146,011	~€3,169,200	Exceeded (~21x higher)
Income Limit (Inkomensgrens)	€40,857 / year	€43,325 to €173,300+ / year	Exceeded across all yields

Because the portfolio value (~€3.17M) easily breaches the statutory €146,011 limit on Box 3 assets, eligibility for zorgtoeslag is zero on day one.

2. Multiplied Dividend Scenarios (Yield Trajectories)

If we examine multiplying the gross cash yield while keeping the baseline asset value constant, the net income trajectory expands as follows:

Dividend Multiplier	Approx. Gross Income	Net Annual Take-Home Income (Post-Tax)	Zorgtoeslag Status
Chf 3’000’000 basket	~€106,170 / year	~€43,325 / year (~€3,610/mo)	Ineligible (Exceeds wealth & income limits)
Chf 6’000’000 basket	~€212,340 / year	~€86,650 / year (~€7,220/mo)	Ineligible (Exceeds wealth & income limits)
Chf 9’000’000 basket	~€318,510 / year	~€129,975 / year (~€10,830/mo)	Ineligible (Exceeds wealth & income limits)
Chf 12’000’000 basket	~€424,680 / year	~€173,300 / year (~€14,440/mo)	Ineligible (Exceeds wealth & income limits)

3. At What Income Does Zorgtoeslag Stop Entirely?

Assuming an individual has zero wealth (or assets below the €146,011 limit):

• Cut-Off Point: Zorgtoeslag phases down progressively as gross income increases and drops to €0 per month once gross annual income reaches €40,857 for a single person (or €51,142 combined for partners).
• Impact of Capital: In the Netherlands, Dutch tax rules add a fictitious return (forfaitair rendement) on Box 3 wealth directly to your income tax base, which further inflates income calculations for government allowances.

Even if the dividend yield were zero, holding ~€3.17M in capital prevents receiving state health allowances or social welfare assistance.

Yes, men (and women) diagnosed with schizophrenia frequently receive slow-release arm injections of antipsychotic medication. These are medically known as Long-Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotics or depot injections.

LAIs are formulated so that the active medication is suspended in an oil-based liquid or water-based micro-crystal suspension. When injected deep into muscle tissue—typically either the deltoid muscle (upper arm) or the gluteal muscle (buttock)—the muscle tissue slowly releases the active drug into the bloodstream over time.

Depending on the specific formulation, doses are administered once every 2 weeks, once a month, or up to once every 3 to 6 months. Common medications administered this way include extended-release formulations of aripiprazole, paliperidone, risperidone, and haloperidol.

• Voluntary Use: Many patients prefer LAIs because they eliminate the burden of taking daily pills, maintain consistent blood concentration levels (reducing symptom relapse), and avoid accidental missed doses.
• Involuntary Use: In medical emergencies or legally mandated psychiatric care (such as under court-ordered Community Treatment Orders or inpatient holds), LAIs are sometimes administered involuntarily to individuals who lack insight into their illness or who cannot maintain oral medication adherence safely on their own.

Reint Jelger: Women with perhaps a mental illness sometimes get the medicine injected in the butt, but could this concept not be sexualized by sexual monsters?

Google Gemini – and edited by Reint Jelger; men should only have in a worst case scenario an Arm injection: Gluteal (buttock) injections are a standard medical route for long-acting medications in women, primarily chosen because the ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal muscles are large, well-vascularized muscles capable of safely absorbing high-volume, slow-release medications with minimal localized pain.

The vulnerability inherent to psychiatric care—where patients may be in altered mental states, experiencing involuntary treatment, or exposed during physical procedures—presents a real risk of exploitation if proper safeguards are not strictly enforced. In healthcare ethics and clinical practice, several strict boundary mechanisms exist specifically to eliminate inappropriate dynamics and protect patient dignity:

• Chaperone Policies: Medical guidelines in most jurisdictions mandate or strongly recommend the presence of an independent third-party chaperone (often a second healthcare worker) during any exposure-sensitive examination or injection, regardless of the clinician’s gender.
• Alternative Administration Sites: Whenever clinically appropriate, alternative injection sites (such as the upper arm’s deltoid muscle) or oral formulations are offered to minimize discomfort and respect physical boundaries.
• Professional Standards and Regulation: Medical environments enforce clear boundaries, strict professional codes, and legal oversight to prevent abuse of power, mistreatment, or sexualization of routine clinical procedures.

Currently money creation is for 95% to 97% in the hands of private banks. A positive amount of money on a bankaccount is for 97% other people have lend.

Vollgeld wants to have it in the hands of the government the money creation. instead of when bankloans happen.

The issue with that is that we usually like market working.

New idea: what if you would have the government create the amount of interest banks get on their created money for loans yearly to spend in the economy and projects. Because the banks don’t create that, so it needs to come from new loans or collateral that is pledged.

Would this create more inflation?

I’ve got a theory that it actually causates less inflation.

Reint Jelger Baarda

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Reint Jelger: Does the idea of VOLLGELD want money creation in the hands of the government instead of with private banks?

Google Gemini: Yes, the core objective of the Vollgeld (Sovereign Money) initiative is to strip private commercial banks of the power to create money electronically through loan origination and grant an absolute monopoly on money creation to an independent public authority—specifically the central bank.

Under a Vollgeld system, all money—whether physical cash or digital bank deposits—would be exclusively created as sovereign money (Vollgeld).

How Vollgeld Alters Money Creation

Feature	Current Banking System	Vollgeld (Sovereign Money) System
Money Creator	Private Commercial Banks (create electronic bank deposits ex nihilo when issuing loans).	Central Bank Only (as a public, independent monetary authority).
Bank Deposits	Unsecured IOUs on a bank’s balance sheet; vulnerable to bank runs.	100% legal tender, held off the bank’s balance sheet (100% safe).
Role of Banks	Money creators and financial intermediaries.	Pure financial intermediaries (can only lend existing central bank money).
Seigniorage	Largely captured by private banks via interest on newly created credit.	100% public revenue transferred to the government budget or distributed to citizens.

Clarifying «Government» vs. «Central Bank» Control

While Vollgeld moves money creation into the public sphere, advocates (such as Joseph Huber and the Swiss Vollgeld-Initiative) explicitly draw a distinction between control by the elected government and control by the central bank:

• Separation of Powers: Just as the judicial branch is a state authority separate from the government/parliament, money creation under Vollgeld is placed under an independent central bank (a «Monetary» branch of government).
• Government Spending Limit: The elected political government does not gain the power to print money at will to fund political agendas (which would risk hyperinflation).
• Distribution Channel: The central bank decides how much money to create based on economic capacity, and then injects it debt-free into the economy—either by transferring it to the public treasury for government spending, issuing a direct dividend to citizens, or granting debt-free credits.

Impact on Private Banks

Under Vollgeld, private commercial banks are reduced to what Werner describes in the Financial Intermediation Theory:

1. No Credit Creation: When a bank issues a loan, it can no longer credit the borrower’s account with newly created deposits.
2. Pre-Existing Funds Required: A bank must first attract existing Vollgeld deposits from savers or borrow from the central bank before it can lend.
3. No Electronic Bank Runs: Because deposit accounts would consist of 100% central bank money held outside the bank’s balance sheet, a private bank’s insolvency would not destroy its customers‘ money.

Google Gemini: Schizophrenic people are not attacking anyone with their mind.

Violence and Schizophrenia

While public perception often associates schizophrenia with violence, clinical research shows:

• Low Absolute Risk: The vast majority of people with schizophrenia are non-violent. Where an increased statistical risk exists (often linked to untreated acute psychosis or co-occurring substance use), it is typically localized to brief periods of crisis.
• Victimization: Individuals with schizophrenia are significantly more likely to be victims of violence, self-harm, or abuse than they are to harm others.

Google Gemini: Yes, individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia are capable of earning €6,000 per month (or higher), though achieving and maintaining high-earning positions depends heavily on symptom severity, treatment effectiveness, work environment, and support systems.

Key Factors Shaping Earning Potential

• Symptom Management & Treatment Response: Schizophrenia exists on a spectrum. With effective treatment—such as modern antipsychotic medication, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-p), and psychosocial support—many individuals achieve full or partial remission, enabling them to pursue high-paying careers in specialized or executive fields.
• Type of Profession: High income is typically associated with high-skill industries such as technology, software engineering, law, finance, consulting, or entrepreneurship. Individuals who developed skills prior to onset or who excel in autonomous, low-stress, or flexible remote roles are often better positioned to sustain high earning power.
• Flexible Work Conditions: Careers offering flexible schedules, remote options, project-based deliverables, or self-employment make it easier to accommodate temporary flare-ups or therapy routine requirements without endangering baseline income.

Realities and Challenges

While high earnings are entirely possible, statistical data indicates that schizophrenia significantly impacts overall labor market participation:

• Employment Rates: Research across European and international studies shows that a substantial proportion of people with schizophrenia face underemployment, reduced work capacity, or reliance on disability benefits due to cognitive, social, or executive functioning challenges. IFAU
• Workplace Accommodations: Earning high compensation often comes with high workplace stress, which can trigger or exacerbate symptoms. Access to workplace accommodations, structured support networks, and stress management strategies is often crucial for long-term career stability.

Bern: Yeah, maybe they can make €6000 a month, but like €12000 a month is impossible for schizophrenic people right?

Google Gemini: No, earning €12,000 a month (equivalent to ~€144,000 per year) is not impossible for someone with schizophrenia.

While earning at that level places an individual in the top tier of income globally, achieving it depends on job role, skills, business equity, and treatment response rather than the diagnosis itself.

Notable Examples of High-Achieving Individuals

• Elyn Saks: A chaired professor of law, psychology, and psychiatry at the University of Southern California Gould School of Law. She has lived with severe schizophrenia her entire adult life and earns a high-level academic/executive income through her law professorship, books, and public speaking. Reddit
• John Nash: The Nobel Prize-winning mathematician whose life inspired A Beautiful Mind. He held prestigious academic positions and made groundbreaking contributions to game theory while managing paranoid schizophrenia. West Georgia Wellness Center+ 1
• Entrepreneurs & Tech Founders: High monthly incomes of €12,000+ are frequently tied to equity, business ownership, or high-end technical consulting (e.g., software architecture, quantitative finance). Because compensation in these fields is based on market value, intellectual property, or business revenue rather than traditional hourly labor, individuals who manage their symptoms effectively can reach top earnings.

Focus on Output Over Environment: High-earning positions that involve self-employment, remote software development, trading, or writing allow individuals to control their environment, reducing sensory overload and workplace stress that might otherwise trigger symptoms.

Gemini: Glencore plc is one of the world’s largest natural resource companies and commodity traders, operating across more than 30 countries with roughly 140,000 employees. Headquartered in Baar, Switzerland, the company operates a dual business model combining Industrial Asset Operations (extraction and processing) with a global Marketing & Trading Division.

What Glencore Does

Glencore operates across the entire natural resource supply chain—from mining and refining to logistics, financing, recycling, and global marketing:

1. Metals & Minerals Production

Glencore extracts and processes industrial metals required for infrastructure, electronics, automotive manufacturing, and energy storage:

• Energy Transition Metals: Copper, cobalt, nickel, and zinc.
• Industrial & Bulk Metals: Lead, ferroalloys, aluminium/alumina, iron ore, gold, and silver.
• Recycling: Glencore is a major recycler of complex secondary materials, processing end-of-life electronics, battery waste, and scrap metal to recover copper, nickel, cobalt, and precious metals.

2. Energy Products

Glencore mines and trades traditional energy resources to meet global power generation and industrial needs:

• Coal: Thermal coal (for power plants) and steelmaking metallurgical coal.
• Oil & Gas: Crude oil, refined petroleum products (diesel, gasoline, jet fuel), and natural gas.

3. Marketing & Commodity Trading

Unlike traditional mining companies that only sell what they extract, Glencore operates a massive third-party trading division. It physically sources commodities from third-party producers, manages storage and freight logistics, provides trade financing, and hedges price risks on global financial exchanges.

Where Glencore’s Products Are Sold

Glencore does not sell directly to individual retail consumers. Its products are sold exclusively on business-to-business (B2B) wholesale markets to major industrial buyers, state entities, and manufacturers worldwide.

Primary Buyers & Customer Sectors

• Automotive & Battery Manufacturers: Electric vehicle (EV) makers and battery gigafactories purchasing battery-grade lithium, nickel, and cobalt.
• Steel & Industrial Manufacturers: Steelmakers acquiring iron ore, metallurgical coal, zinc (for galvanization), and ferroalloys.
• Power Utilities & Energy Companies: Municipal and national grid operators buying thermal coal, natural gas, or fuel oil.
• Refineries & Chemical Processors: Oil refiners purchasing crude oil and chemical companies buying industrial minerals.
• Electronics & Technology Companies: Hardware producers purchasing refined copper, gold, and precious metals.

Geographical Sales Outlets

Glencore operates global marketing hubs, primarily in Baar (Switzerland), London (UK), Singapore, and Stamford (USA). From these hubs, commodities are shipped via ocean freight, rail, and pipelines directly to industrial ports and delivery terminals across Asia, Europe, the Americas, and the Middle East.

Google Gemini: Switzerland has a booming technology sector, a massive blockchain ecosystem (famously known as «Crypto Valley»), and several major institutional platforms handling Bitcoin.

Swiss Tech Companies

Switzerland hosts major publicly traded and private technology firms, including:

• Logitech International: The largest Swiss consumer technology brand by market value, manufacturing computer peripherals, streaming equipment, and gaming hardware.
• Temenos AG: A core-banking software provider that powers technology for over 3,000 financial institutions worldwide.
• Sensirion: A developer of high-precision micro-sensors used in automotive, medical, and consumer electronics.
• SoftwareONE: An enterprise software licensing, cloud management, and digital transformation platform.

Blockchain & Crypto Companies in Switzerland

Switzerland’s Canton of Zug, nicknamed Crypto Valley, is an international epicenter for blockchain development. Local Swiss law officially recognizes decentralized digital assets under its DLA (Distributed Ledger Technology) Act.

Notable organizations operating out of Switzerland include:

• Foundation Headquarters: Major global blockchain protocols run their foundations out of Switzerland, including the Ethereum Foundation, Tezos Foundation, Solana Foundation, and Cardano Foundation.
• Crypto-Native Banks: Switzerland was among the first to grant full banking licenses to pure crypto-financial institutions under FINMA supervision:
  • Sygnum Bank: A FINMA-regulated digital asset bank providing institutional crypto custody, trading, and asset management.
  • AMINA Bank (formerly SEBA Bank): A fully licensed Swiss bank bridging traditional finance and crypto-asset banking.

Biggest Bitcoin Handling Companies in Switzerland

When evaluating companies handling Bitcoin volume, custody, and trading, two local Swiss entities lead the market:

1. Bitcoin Suisse AG (Largest Non-Bank Broker/Custodian)

• Overview: Founded in 2013, Bitcoin Suisse is the oldest and largest dedicated crypto financial services provider in Switzerland.
• Scale: Handles over $3 billion in digital assets under custody.
• Services: Provides institutional brokerage, OTC trading desk routing, and high-security vault custody for private individuals, corporations, and financial institutions.

2. Sygnum Bank (Largest Regulated Crypto Bank)

• Overview: Operating with a full Swiss banking license, Sygnum provides regulated Bitcoin custody, lending, and institutional trading.
• Scale: Serves institutional clients, family offices, and banks, holding several billion Swiss francs in total client assets across crypto and traditional fiat.

Sygnum Bank is a specialized digital asset bank holding a full banking license from FINMA (the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority) in Switzerland and a Capital Markets Services (CMS) license from the MAS (Monetary Authority of Singapore). It acts as a bridge between traditional finance and crypto assets, providing institutional-grade custody, fiat-to-crypto brokerage, asset management, tokenization, and crypto-backed lending.

1. Can You Invest in Sygnum Bank Equity?

• Not Publicly Traded: Sygnum Bank AG is a private, unlisted corporation. You cannot buy shares on a public exchange like the SIX Swiss Exchange or Euronext.
• Shareholder Structure: The equity is held by co-founders, employees, management, and major institutional strategy partners (including venture funds and financial institutions such as SBI Holdings and Sun Hung Kai & Co.).
• Private Secondary Markets: Accredited/institutional investors sometimes trade private shares on secondary marketplaces (such as Hiive or private equity desks) during funding rounds, but there is no retail public stock purchase option.

2. Can Dutch Residents Become Clients of Sygnum Bank?

Yes, Dutch citizens and residents can become clients, but strict eligibility criteria apply:

Client Qualification & Onboarding

• Focus on Professional & High-Net-Worth Clients: Sygnum is an institutional digital asset bank, not a retail challenger bank. Individual onboarding typically requires meeting Professional Investor / Qualified Investor criteria or maintaining high minimum initial deposit/account balance requirements (often starting at CHF 100,000+ depending on the specific product line).
• EU passporting & European entity (Sygnum Europe AG): Sygnum operates a regulated branch in Liechtenstein (Sygnum Europe AG) designed to offer passported financial services across the European Economic Area (EEA), including the Netherlands, in compliance with EU directives and MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets) standards.
• KYC & Regulatory Compliance: Onboarding for Dutch residents involves standard European remote identity verification, proof of tax residency (BSN declaration), source-of-wealth/source-of-funds validation, and compliance with anti-money laundering (AML) protocols.

Gemini: High-net-worth individuals and millionaires in Switzerland frequently use Swisscom products for personal and business connectivity.

• Mass Market & High-Net-Worth Usage: High-net-worth individuals, family offices, and executives living in Switzerland rely heavily on Swisscom. Given Swisscom’s market dominance, network reliability, and extensive fiber footprint, it is the standard telecom choice across all income brackets.
• Private Banking & Enterprise Security: Swisscom provides dedicated B2B security, private cloud hosting, and encrypted communications infrastructure for major Swiss private banks, wealth managers, and corporate boards handling high-value transactions.

Dividend Yield on 10,000 Swisscom Shares

Swisscom distributes dividends annually. Swisscom’s Annual General Meeting set the ordinary dividend at CHF 26.00 per share.

Stock Events+ 1

Gross Dividend Income

Gross Dividend=10,000 shares×CHF 26.00/share=CHF 260,000 per year

Net Dividend Income (Swiss Withholding Tax)

Switzerland applies a 35% Swiss Federal Withholding Tax (Verrechnungssteuer) on cash dividends distributed by Swiss corporations:

Swisscom

Withholding Tax (35%)=CHF 260,000×0.35=CHF 91,000

Net Payout=CHF 260,000−CHF 91,000=CHF 169,000 per year

• Tax Reclaim: Swiss residents declare the gross dividend income on their annual tax return to receive a 100% refund or credit for the CHF 91,000 withholding tax. Foreign investors can reclaim part or all of this tax depending on the double taxation treaty (DTT) between their country of residence and Switzerland.

At recent market prices (trading around CHF 500–550 per share), acquiring 10,000 shares represents an investment of roughly CHF 5 to 5.5 million, yielding an annual gross cash flow of CHF 260,000 (~4.7% dividend yield).

Under Dutch law, no, a financial steward cannot simply hand over 5 million euros to a protected person (rechthebbende or curandus) to invest independently.

The rules governing financial protection in the Netherlands are strictly regulated under Book 1 of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek, Boek 1) and overseen by the district court’s subdistrict judge (kantonrechter).

Why the Steward Cannot Hand Over €5 Million

1. Fiduciary Liability & Duty of Good Stewardship (Goed Bewindvoerder)

Under Art. 1:441 BW (for financial guardianship / onderbewindstelling) or Art. 1:381 BW (for full legal guardianship / ondercuratelestelling), the administrator is legally charged with protecting and managing the estate.

• If the administrator hands over a significant portion of the estate (€5 million) to an individual whose mental state compromises their financial judgment, and that money is lost, the administrator is personally liable for damages for breach of fiduciary duty.

2. Pocket Money (Vrij te besteden bedrag / Leefgeld)

The law allows an administrator to provide a person with an allowance (leefgeld or zakgeld) for freely disposable everyday living expenses without needing to account for every euro. However:

Sofiad |

• Courts interpret «pocket money» as reasonable sums for daily life, hobbies, and personal living costs.
• Allocating €5 million for speculative financial trading far exceeds the scope of daily discretionary pocket money and is treated as active wealth management requiring judicial oversight.

3. Mandatory Prior Approval from the Canton Judge (Machtigingsvereiste)

Under Dutch law, major financial transactions, investments, or transfers of capital require prior explicit authorization (machtiging) from the subdistrict judge (kantonrechter).

• A judge will not approve transferring €5 million directly to a protected individual to trade equities independently, as it directly undermines the legal purpose of the protective measure.

How €60 Million Is Managed Under Dutch Law

When an estate is as large as €60 million, standard low-net-worth rules (which force everything into guaranteed cash deposits) are adapted, but control remains strictly governed.

Court-Approved Investment Plan (Beleggingsplan)

For large estates, the administrator must draft a professional investment plan and submit it to the kantonrechter for formal approval.

• Permitted Investments: Courts allow broader asset allocation for large fortunes to protect against inflation—including diversified equity portfolios, bonds, and real estate—provided they are managed by professional, regulated asset managers.
• Prohibited Investments: High-risk single-stock concentrations (such as putting millions into a single small-cap stock) or unhedged speculative trading are routinely rejected by subdistrict judges.
• Separation of Management: The money must remain under the legal signature and custodial accounts controlled by the administrator, not the protected person.

Restoring Financial Autonomy

If the person’s mental health stabilizes and they demonstrate the capacity to understand financial transactions and risk:

1. Partial Modification or Lifting of the Measure (Opheffing of wijziging): The administrator, the person, or a close family member can petition the court (kantonrechter) to modify or lift the measure.
2. Judicial Capacity Assessment: The court will typically order a medical-psychiatric evaluation to determine whether the person has regained the capacity to manage their own financial affairs (wilsbekwaamheid).
3. Restored Rights: If the judge agrees, the protective order is formally narrowed or dissolved by judicial decree. The individual then regains the legal right to manage their own funds independently—by operation of law, rather than through permission granted by the administrator.

Reint Jelger: So you are writing that in the NL concerning a person with financial stewardship an investment plan concerning his 60 million euro wealth has to go to the kantonrechter and they usually only allow this: diversified equity portfolios, bonds, and real estate—provided they are managed by professional, regulated asset managers. So for instance would a temporary mentally ill person then be able to use ABN Amro Mees Pierson Private Banking for that if the judge approves, for example

Yes, absolutely. Utilizing ABN AMRO MeesPierson (or a similar tier-1 Dutch private bank, such as Van Lanschot Kempen or ING Private Banking) is standard practice for managing a high-net-worth estate (€60 million) under legal protection.

The court-appointed administrator (bewindvoerder) and the subdistrict judge (kantonrechter) do not manage investment portfolios themselves. They delegate the operational wealth management to regulated, professional institutions through a formal legal and administrative process.

De Rechtspraak

Step-by-Step Approval Process

[1. Administrator] ───> Drafts Investment Plan (Beleggingsplan) with Private Banker
         │
         ▼
[2. Canton Judge]  ───> Reviews & Grants Formal Permission (Machtiging)
         │
         ▼
[3. MeesPierson]   ───> Executes Discretionary Mandate under Dual Control

1. Drafting the Investment Plan (Beleggingsplan)

The administrator contacts the private bank’s specialized fiduciary management division (Bewind & Volmacht Desk). Together, they draft a custom investment proposal tailored to the estate.

• Discretionary Management (Vermogensbeheer): The mandate must be structured as discretionary wealth management. The bank manages the funds according to pre-agreed risk profiles, rather than allowing execution-only trading.
• Investment Profile: For a €60 million estate, the profile typically ranges from Defensief (conservative) to Neutraal (balanced).

2. Submitting the Machtigingsverzoek to the Kantonrechter

The administrator submits a formal petition for court authorization (machtigingsverzoek) under Art. 1:441 BW. The packet sent to the kantonrechter includes:

• The proposed ABN AMRO MeesPierson investment agreement. ABN Amro
• A breakdown of expected annual yield vs. living expenses. NVVK
• Risk mitigation strategies (e.g., broad market indices, blue-chip bonds, cash buffers).

3. Court Review & Formal Authorization

The judge evaluates whether the proposal protects the client’s long-term capital against inflation while avoiding unnecessary risk. Once approved, the judge issues a binding court decree (beschikking) granting the administrator permission to sign the private banking mandate.

Key Operational Constraints at the Bank

Even with a top private bank, specific legal guardrails remain active:

Feature	Standard Private Banking	Private Banking Under Court Protection
Account Ownership	Person’s name (op naam van betrokkene)	Person’s name, but blocked for direct access.
Signing Authority	Account holder	Administrator only (kwaliteitsrekening).
Client Trading	Direct buy/sell orders allowed	Disabled. The client cannot place trades.
Annual Reporting	Standard tax/portfolio reports	Rekening en verantwoording: Specialized reports submitted annually to the court.

What Happens When Health Improves?

If the person experiences a period of mental stability, ABN AMRO MeesPierson cannot directly take orders from the client based on a doctor’s note or verbal agreement.

1. Interim Re-evaluation: The administrator can request an informal consultation with the client and private banker to discuss overall financial goals or ethical preferences (e.g., green energy investments vs. traditional dividend stocks).
2. Restoring Direct Access: For the client to gain direct trading authority over the MeesPierson accounts, the kantonrechter must formally lift or modify the protective order (opheffing van het bewind). Only after receiving the judge’s formal decree will the bank transfer full transactional control back to the client.